Cryptography - Revision history

CryptoUser at 15:15, 24 January 2024

2024-01-24T15:15:34Z

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	'''Cryptography''' (from Ancient Greek κρυπτός "hidden" + γράφω "I write") is the science of methods that allow you to provide:		'''Cryptography''' (from Ancient Greek ''κρυπτός'' "hidden" + ''γράφω'' "I write") is the science of methods that allow you to provide:

	* [[privacy]] (inability to get access to the information);		* [[privacy]] (inability to get access to the information);

CryptoUser: CryptoUser moved page Commoninfo:cryptography to Cryptography

2024-01-24T15:15:06Z

CryptoUser moved page Commoninfo:cryptography to Cryptography

← Older revision	Revision as of 15:15, 24 January 2024
(No difference)

CryptoUser at 15:14, 24 January 2024

2024-01-24T15:14:01Z

New page

{{#seo:
|title= Cryptography
|titlemode= append
|keywords= Cryptography
|description= Cryptography
}}
'''Cryptography''' (from Ancient Greek κρυπτός "hidden" + γράφω "I write") is the science of methods that allow you to provide:

* [[privacy]] (inability to get access to the information);
* data integrity (inability to bring changes to the data stored);
* [[authentication]] (authentication of authorship or other properties of an object);
* [[encryption]] (data encoding).

== History ==
Texts started to be encrypted back in the third millennium BC. Both in the Roman Empire and in the Middle Ages, important messages and military orders were encrypted.

For example, Julius Caesar used a very simple form of cryptography for his messages, known as a "shift cipher". Each letter in his text was replaced by the third letter in the alphabet. So instead of A, he wrote D. The recipient had to know the cipher code to read the right words.

During the Second World War, special devices were already used to encrypt messages — cryptography became more complicated. It took the military several years to unravel the [[key]]s and read the messages of other countries.

Today, cryptography is able to guarantee the [[security of information]] much more reliably, and the ciphers that Caesar once used can now be solved in a couple of seconds.

== Symmetric and asymmetric encryption ==
In modern cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric encryption are distinguished.

'''Symmetric encryption''' means that both parties involved in data exchange have exactly the same keys for encrypting and decrypting data.

In symmetric encryption, senders and recipients use the same key — as in Caesar's encrypted letters. For this, the key must be known to both parties, respectively, one transmits it to the other in unencrypted form.

'''Asymmetric encryption''' involves using two different keys in a pair — [[public key|public]] and [[secret key|secret (private)]]. In this method, the keys work in pairs: if the data is encrypted with a public key, then they can only be decrypted with the corresponding secret key, and vice versa — if the data is encrypted with a secret key, then they can only be decrypted with the corresponding public key. It is impossible to use a public key from one pair and a secret key from another, since each pair of [[asymmetric key|asymmetric keys]] is connected by mathematical dependencies.

'''Cryptography proposes many different methods of data encryption. Many of them are based on complex mathematical structures such as elliptic curves, rings, and finite bodies.'''

== Cryptanarchism ==
'''Cryptanarchism''' is a philosophy that calls for the use of cryptography to protect privacy and personal freedom.

The term first appeared in 1993 in an article by Steven Levy, in which he talked about the brewing movement of cipher banks and the concentration of data in the hands of large corporations.

Cryptanarchists create virtual communities where each participant remains anonymous until he wants to reveal himself.

== Cipherpunks ==
Cipherpunks are an informal group of people interested in cryptography and interested in maintaining [[anonymity]]. Initially, cipherpunks communicated through a network of anonymous remailers, and the goal of this group was to achieve anonymity and security through the active use of cryptography.

The term "cipherpunk" was first used by Jude Milhon as a pun on a group of cryptanarchists.

[[Category:Commoninfo]]
[[Category:Cryptography]]
[[Category:Crypto security]]

Admin at 06:32, 15 September 2023

2023-09-15T06:32:11Z

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	= History =		= History =

Admin at 06:32, 15 September 2023

2023-09-15T06:32:01Z

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	= History =		= History =

Admin at 06:31, 15 September 2023

2023-09-15T06:31:31Z

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	<div class="mikio-article-content">		<div class="mikio-article-content">

Admin at 06:31, 15 September 2023

2023-09-15T06:31:23Z

New page

{{#seo:
|title= Cryptography
|titlemode= append
|keywords= Cryptography
|description= Cryptography
}}
d
<div class="mikio-article-content">

<div class="mikio-tags">

</div>
<span id="kriptografija"></span>
= Cryptography =

<div class="level1">

'''Cryptography''' is the science of methods that allow you to provide:

<ol>
<li><div class="li">

privacy (inability to get access to the information);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

data integrity (inability to bring changes to the data stored);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

authentication (authentication of authorship or other properties of an object);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

encryption (data encoding).

</div></li></ol>

</div>
<span id="istorija"></span>
= History =

<div class="level1">

Texts started to be encrypted back in the third millennium BC. Both in the Roman Empire and in the Middle Ages, important messages and military orders were encrypted.

For example, Julius Caesar used a very simple form of cryptography for his messages, known as a "shift cipher". Each letter in his text was replaced by the third letter in the alphabet. So instead of A, he wrote D. The recipient had to know the cipher code to read the right words.

During the Second World War, special devices were already used to encrypt messages — cryptography became more complicated. It took the military several years to unravel the keys and read the messages of other countries.

Today, cryptography is able to guarantee the security of information much more reliably, and the ciphers that Caesar once used can now be solved in a couple of seconds.

</div>
<span id="simmetrichnoe_i_asimmetrichnoe_shifrovanie"></span>
= Symmetric and asymmetric encryption =

<div class="level1">

In modern cryptography, symmetric and asymmetric encryption are distinguished.

"Symmetric encryption" means that both parties involved in data exchange have exactly the same keys for encrypting and decrypting data.

In symmetric encryption, senders and recipients use the same key — as in Caesar's encrypted letters. For this, the key must be known to both parties, respectively, one transmits it to the other in unencrypted form.

'''Asymmetric encryption''' involves using two different keys in a pair — public and secret (private). In this method, the keys work in pairs: if the data is encrypted with a public key, then they can only be decrypted with the corresponding secret key, and vice versa — if the data is encrypted with a secret key, then they can only be decrypted with the corresponding public key. It is impossible to use a public key from one pair and a secret key from another, since each pair of asymmetric keys is connected by mathematical dependencies.

'''Cryptography proposes many different methods of data encryption. Many of them are based on complex mathematical structures such as elliptic curves, rings, and finite bodies.'''

</div>
<span id="kriptoanarxizm"></span>
= Cryptanarchism =

<div class="level1">

'''Cryptanarchism''' is a philosophy that calls for the use of cryptography to protect privacy and personal freedom.

The term first appeared in 1993 in an article by Steven Levy, in which he talked about the brewing movement of cipher banks and the concentration of data in the hands of large corporations.

Cryptanarchists create virtual communities where each participant remains anonymous until he wants to reveal himself.

</div>
<span id="shifropanki"></span>
= Cipherpanks =

<div class="level1">

Cipher banks are an informal group of people interested in cryptography and interested in maintaining anonymity. Initially, cipher banks communicated through a network of anonymous remailers, and the goal of this group was to achieve anonymity and security through the active use of cryptography.

The term "cipherpunk" was first used by Jude Milhon as a pun on a group of cryptanarchists.

</div>
<div style="clear:both">

</div>

</div>
[[Category:Commoninfo]]

Admin at 08:56, 28 June 2022

2022-06-28T08:56:22Z

Show changes

Test at 05:20, 13 May 2022

2022-05-13T05:20:44Z

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			{{#seo:
			\|title= Криптография
			\|titlemode= append
			\|keywords= Криптография
			\|description= Криптография
			}}
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	</div>		</div>
	[[Category::Commoninfo]]		[[Category:Commoninfo]]

Admin: Created page with "

= Криптография =
'''Криптография''' (от «скрытый» + «пишу») — наука о методах, которые позволяют обеспечить:

конфиденциальность (невозможность прочтения информации посторонним)..."

2022-04-20T15:42:44Z

Created page with "<div class="mikio-article-content"> <div class="mikio-tags"> </div> <span id="kriptografija"></span> = Криптография = <div class="level1"> '''Криптография''' (от «скрытый» + «пишу») — наука о методах, которые позволяют обеспечить: <ol> <li><div class="li"> конфиденциальность (невозможность прочтения информации посторонним)..."

New page

<div class="mikio-article-content">

<div class="mikio-tags">

</div>
<span id="kriptografija"></span>
= Криптография =

<div class="level1">

'''Криптография''' (от «скрытый» + «пишу») — наука о методах, которые позволяют обеспечить:

<ol>
<li><div class="li">

конфиденциальность (невозможность прочтения информации посторонним);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

целостность данных (невозможность незаметного изменения информации);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

аутентификацию (проверку подлинности авторства или иных свойств объекта);

</div></li>
<li><div class="li">

шифрование (кодировку данных).

</div></li></ol>

</div>
<span id="istorija"></span>
= История =

<div class="level1">

Тексты начали шифровать уже в третьем тысячелетии до нашей эры. И в Римской империи, и в Средневековье важные сообщения и военные приказы зашифровывались.

Например, Юлий Цезарь для своих сообщений использовал очень простую форму криптографии, известную как «шифр сдвига». Каждая буква в его тексте была заменена на третью следующую в алфавите. Таким образом, вместо A он писал D. Получатель должен был знать код шифра, чтобы прочитать нужные слова.

Во время Второй мировой войны для шифрования сообщений уже использовались специальные устройства — криптография стала сложнее. Военным понадобилось несколько лет, чтобы разгадать ключи и читать сообщения других стран.

Сегодня криптография способна намного надёжнее гарантировать безопасность информации, а шифры, которые когда-то использовал Цезарь, сегодня можно разгадать за пару секунд.

</div>
<span id="simmetrichnoe_i_asimmetrichnoe_shifrovanie"></span>
= Симметричное и асимметричное шифрование =

<div class="level1">

В современной криптографии различают симметричное и асимметричное шифрование.

'''Симметричное шифрование''' заключается в том, что обе стороны-участники обмена данными имеют абсолютно одинаковые ключи для шифрования и расшифровки данных.

При симметричном шифровании отправители и получатели используют одинаковый ключ — как в шифрованных письмах Цезаря. Для этого ключ должен быть известен обеим сторонам, соответственно, одна передаёт его другой в незашифрованном виде.

'''Асимметричное шифрование''' предполагает использовать в паре два разных ключа — открытый и секретный (закрытый). В данном способе ключи работают в паре: если данные шифруются открытым ключом, то расшифровать их можно только соответствующим секретным ключом, а также наоборот — если данные шифруются секретным ключом, то расшифровать их можно только соответствующим открытым ключом. Использовать открытый ключ из одной пары и секретный из другой невозможно, так как каждая пара асимметричных ключей связана математическими зависимостями.

'''''Криптография знает много различных методов шифрования данных. Многие из них основаны на сложных математических структурах, таких как эллиптические кривые, кольца и конечные тела.'''''

</div>
<span id="kriptoanarxizm"></span>
= Криптоанархизм =

<div class="level1">

'''Криптоанархизм''' — философия, которая призывает к использованию криптографии для защиты приватности и личной свободы.

Термин впервые появился в 1993 году в статье Стивена Леви, в которой он рассказывал о назревающем движении шифропанков и концентрации данных в руках крупных корпораций.

Криптоанархисты создают виртуальные сообщества, где каждый участник остаётся анонимным до тех пор, пока сам не пожелает себя раскрыть.

</div>
<span id="shifropanki"></span>
= Шифропанки =

<div class="level1">

Шифропанки — неформальная группа людей, интересующихся криптографией и заинтересованных в сохранении анонимности. Первоначально шифропанки общались с помощью сети анонимных ремейлеров, а целью данной группы было достижение анонимности и безопасности посредством активного использования криптографии.

Термин «шифропанк» впервые употребила Джуд Милхон в качестве игры слов в адрес группы криптоанархистов.

</div>
<div style="clear:both">

</div>

</div>
[[Category::Commoninfo]]