Smart contract languages are special programming languages used to create smart contracts. They allow developers to describe the conditions and logic of a contract in the form of code that will be automatically executed on the blockchain.

The most popular languages for writing smart contracts

Solidity is a programming language specifically designed for creating smart contracts on the Ethereum platform. It has a syntax similar to JavaScript and allows developers to define the contract structure, functions, variables, and describe the contract execution logic.

Vyper is another programming language for smart contracts on Ethereum, aimed to be more secure and easy to understand. It has a syntax similar to Python and has fewer features compared to Solidity, but provides greater reliability and security.

JavaScript is a widely used programming language that can be used for writing smart contracts on certain blockchain platforms such as EOS or NEO. It offers flexibility and popularity in web development, making it attractive for developers with experience in JavaScript.

Specific programming languages used in different blockchains:

Rust is an open-source systems programming language used to create secure and efficient smart contracts on the Substrate platform. It is known for its security, speed, and parallelism, allowing developers to build complex smart contracts on multiple levels. Rust provides a high level of protection against vulnerabilities such as buffer overflow and invalid pointers.

Move is an open-source programming language specifically designed for smart contracts on the Diem blockchain. It prioritizes security and efficiency by enabling error detection at the compilation stage, avoiding many vulnerabilities associated with smart contracts. The Move language provides higher performance and speed compared to other languages used for writing smart contracts.

Cadence is a programming language specifically developed for smart contracts on the Flow platform. Cadence is convenient for writing complex smart contracts as it allows programmers to use an object-oriented programming paradigm.

Michelson is a programming language used on the Tezos platform. It is known for its formal verifiability, guaranteeing that contracts will function as intended, allowing the creation of complex contracts using various data types and instructions.

Bamboo is a programming language based on Rust and designed for use on the Æternity platform. It is performant, secure, and easy to use. Additionally, Bamboo allows for highly parallel contract creation, providing faster execution and scalability.

DAML is a programming language for smart contracts in the financial and corporate sectors. It is known for its simplicity, security, and formal verifiability, ensuring the correctness of contract execution. One of DAML's features is the ability to create complex contracts using abstract data types and contract templates.

Ivy is used on the Ethereum platform. It is known for its simplicity, security, and formal verifiability, with instructions similar to those used in Python.

Simplicity is a programming language for smart contracts developed by Blockstream. Its main feature is a simplified and formalized syntax that eliminates many complexities associated with writing and verifying smart contracts. This reduces development time and minimizes the likelihood of errors.

Scilla is a formal programming language for smart contracts used on the Zilliqa platform. It has been developed to ensure a high level of security and eliminate potential errors and vulnerabilities in contracts. Scilla allows developers to describe complex smart contracts using formal verification, ensuring their correctness and reliability.